Question

Name some common disorder of kidneys in man and explain in brief

Answer 1

Answer:

The common disorders of kidney include chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and urinary tract infections.

Explanation

Chronic kidney disease:

This is the most common type of kidney disease and it is a long-term condition that worsens over time. This is majorly caused by blood pressure. High blood pressure increases the pressure on the glomeruli which is the filtering system of the kidney, damages the vessels over time and the kidneys begin to decline in function. This condition leads to dialysis. Also, because of diabetes (high blood glucose), the blood vessels are damaged, and the kidney function declines.

Kidney stones:

The minerals and other substances of blood begin to crystallize in the kidneys thereby forming solid masses or stones. This is another common type of kidney problem and these stones usually come out of the body via urination.

Glomerulonephritis:

This is the inflammation of the glomeruli which is the filtering system of the kidney. This is caused mainly by infections, drugs or congenital abnormalities.

Polycystic kidney disease:

This is a genetic disorder that produces numerous (poly) cysts in the kidneys. These cysts interfere with the kidney function thereby cause kidney failure.

Urinary tract infections:

These are bacterial infections in any part of the urinary system and the most common are in the bladder and urethra. These are treatable and if left untreated, the infection can spread to other parts of the kidney.