Question

Name the following:

1. Tiny pores on the surface of leaves for exchange of gases.

2. An organism with tracheal system.

3. Skeletal structures surrounding the chest cavity.

4. An aerobic organism.

5. The breathing organ of earthworm.

6. The openings through which we inhale.

7. The anaerobic organism used in production of beer and wine. ​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Leaves. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata
2. Insects like ants, cockroach, etc are organisms with the tracheal system. Explanation: The respiratory system functions independent of the circulatory system and oxygen transport is not done via blood. The tracheal system in insects comprises of a network of tubules which carry and supply oxygen to all its parts.
3. Ribs and sternum together forms a rib cage that surrounds the chest cavity. It protects the internal organs such as heart from mechanical shock and injury.
4. An aerobic organism or aerobe is an organism that can survive and grow in an oxygenated environment.
5. Earthworms do not have lungs. They breathe through their skin. Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through the earthworm's skin by diffusion
6. When we inhale air, it passes through our nostrils into the nasal cavity. From the nasal cavity, the air reaches our lungs through the windpipe. Lungs are present in the chest cavity
7. Yeasts are the main fermentor and alcohol producer in the production of wine, beer and other alcohol drinks. The main yeast species used is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It ferments the sugars, coming from different sources, e.g., grapes for wine, barley for beer, to alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Answer 2

1)Leaves. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata (singular = stoma).

2)Insects have a highly-specialized type of respiratory system called the tracheal system, which consists of a network of small tubes that carries oxygen to the entire body. The tracheal system, the most direct and efficient respiratory system in active animals, has tubes made of a polymeric material called chitin.