Question

Name the four lobes of the cerebral cortex. What functions do they perform?

Answer 1

Cerebral Cortex is the outer layer of cells covering the cerebral hemispheres of brain. It is also called ‘grey matter” due to its greyish appearance, imparted by the high concentration of neuron cell bodies.
The four lobes of the cerebral cortex are frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. Their functions are as follows:

Frontal lobe − It is responsible for cognitive functions such as attention, thinking, memory, reasoning and learning. It also inhibits the autonomic and emotional responses.

Parietal lobe − It is mainly concerned with cutaneous sensations and their coordination with visual and auditory sensations.

Temporal lobe − It processes the auditory information. It also helps in understanding of speech and written language and memorising symbolic sounds and words.

Occipital lobe − It interprets visual impulses, memorises visual stimuli and helps in colour visual orientation

Answer 2

Lobes of the cerebral cortex and their functions

Explanation:

• Anatomically, the cerebrum or the cerebral cortex is divided into two hemispheres (right and left) and four lobes.
• Frontal lobe – controls cognitive functions like higher levels of cognitive functions like perception, attention, comprehension, analyzing, reasoning and problem solving, learning and memory, language development, etc. It is also involved in the control of voluntary movements of the body
• Parietal lobe – Sensations like cutaneous, visual, and auditory and their coordination and interactions, and concerned with movement
• Temporal lobe – Primarily involved in the processing of memory and integrating memory with sensations like sight, sound, touch and taste. Auditory processing is controlled by the temporal lobe and all the memory involving symbolic sounds, words are stored in this lobe which is used to develop speech and language behaviour.
• Occipital lobe – Mainly controls visual information and its perception and interpretation. The interpretation of visual impulses along with visual stimuli memory and visual color orientation takes place in this lobe.