Question

Name the functional group present in the following compounds
(a) C2H5OH (b) CH3COOH
(c) HCHO (d) CH3-CO-CH3

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) C2H5OH - Hydroxyl group

(b) CH3COOH - Carboxyl group

(c) HCHO - Formyl group

(d) CH3-CO-CH3 - Carbonyl group

Explanation:

(a) Compounds with hydroxyl group have the formula R-OH where OH is a  hydroxyl group. Oxygen is bonded to hydrogen in the hydroxyl group. Organic compounds that contain hydroxyl group deprotonates readily.

(b) Compounds with carboxyl groups have the formula R-COOH. The carboxyl group contains a carbon atom which is double bonded with an oxygen atom and singly bonded with another oxygen atom and which is again singly bonded with a hydrogen atom.

(c) Compounds with formyl groups have the formula R-CHO. The formyl group contains a carbon atom which is double bonded with an oxygen atom and singly bonded with a hydrogen atom.

(d) Compounds with carbonyl groups have the formula RC(=O)R'. The carbonyl group contains a carbon atom which is double bonded with an oxygen atom.