Name the good absorbers and reflectors regarding solar energy
Answers
Explanation:
Materials That Absorb & Reflect Solar Energy
Dark materials are good collectors of heat energy from sunlight.
Written by John Papiewski
The Classification of Biodegradable & Non-Biodegradable
The Earth receives energy radiated from the sun; at noon on a sunny day, it amounts to 1,000 watts per square meter. One way to harness that energy lies in understanding how materials absorb and reflect sunlight, then selecting for the job those materials that are most efficient and cost-effective. In addition to the material itself, its color makes a big difference in the degree to which it reflects or absorbs light.
Optical Properties of Materials
Materials have three basic optical properties: they absorb light, reflect it and transmit it. No material is perfectly reflective, transparent or absorbent; every substance has all three attributes to some degree. In addition, a material’s optical performance depends on the wavelength of the light in question; window glass, for example, is highly transparent to visible light but absorbs infrared, giving greenhouses the ability to contain heat.
Colors and Shades
A material’s color and shade affect the amount of light it absorbs or reflects; dark colors reflect less light to your eye, so they absorb more light. A “flat black” material having no glossy reflections absorbs the most solar energy. Conversely, light colors reflect more light than dark ones, and white reflects the most.
Metals
Metals such as copper and aluminum have an atomic structure that readily shares electrons; this gives metals high thermal conductivity, meaning that heat spreads rapidly through metallic objects. At the same time, many metals have melting points in excess of 500 degrees Celsius (932 degrees Fahrenheit), making them suitable for solar applications. Many solar installations harvest energy by converting sunlight to heat; metal components efficiently absorb and transfer heat while withstanding high temperatures. For solar applications that use mirrors, thin coatings of silver, aluminum and other metals serve as good reflectors of light.
Non-Metals
Non-metallic materials such as brick stone and brick are good absorbers of solar energy, especially if they have dark coloring. Plastics and wood may make good energy absorbers, but many types are not suitable for solar applications because most plastics have relatively low melting points and wood may catch fire. With reflective coatings, however, plastic materials may be suitable for solar energy equipment, as long as temperature demands are modest. Clear glass and plastic absorb very little solar energy, so they make good lenses, windows and transparent enclosures (See Reference 3, “Absorption”).
Molten Salt
Some large-scale solar farms use molten salt as a medium in which to store heat gathered from sunlight. The salt absorbs heat from solar energy and an insulated tank helps keep it hot. Heat from the salt is used to boil water and run an electric generator from a steam turbine. Because the salt keeps its heat for long periods, a solar power plant can run continually even at night.
Answer:
The substances of dark colours usually absorb heat the most. (black absorbs the most amnt of heat)
The substances with smooth surface and light coloured reflect heat.
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