Name the hormones released by the endocrine gland which are present near the kidneys and near the liver.
Explain the function of these hormones.
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Answers
Answer:
Hormones are chemicals synthesized and produced by the specialized glands to control and regulate the activity of certain cells and organs. These specialized glands are known as endocrine glands.”
Hormones
Types
Glands
List
Functions
Diseases
Chemical Messengers
Feedback Mechanism
What are Hormones?
As stated above, hormones are chemicals that essentially function as messengers of the body. These chemicals are secreted by special glands known as the endocrine glands. These endocrine glands are distributed throughout the body. These messengers control many physiological functions as well as psychological health. They are also quite important in maintaining homeostasis in the body.
Cell Signaling
The effects of hormones depend on how they are released. Hence, signalling effects can be classified into the following:
Autocrine: The hormone act on the cell that secreted it.
Paracrine: The hormone act on a nearby cell without having to enter the blood circulation.
Intracrine: The hormone is produced in the cell and acts intracellularly means inside the cell.
Endocrine: The hormone act on the target cells once it is released from the respective glands into the bloodstream.
Types of Hormones
To regulate various functions, different types of hormones are produced in the body. They are classified as follows:
Peptide Hormones
Steroid Hormones
Peptide Hormones
Peptide hormones are composed of amino acids and are soluble in water. Peptide hormones are unable to pass through the cell membrane as it contains a phospholipid bilayer that stops any fat-insoluble molecules from diffusing into the cell. Insulin is an important peptide hormone produced by the pancreas.
Steroid Hormones
Unlike peptide hormones, steroid hormones are fat-soluble and are able to pass through a cell membrane. Sex hormones such as testosterone, estrogen and progesterone are examples of steroid hormones.
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Answer:
Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and pituitary glands are neuroendocrine organs.
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