name the substances in which the following acids and bases are found:- Acetic acid, Formic acid, Citric acid, Oxalic acid, Ascorbic acid, Tartaric acid, Calcium hydroxide, Sodium hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide, Magnesium hydroxide
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Answer:
Acetic acid, Magnesium hydroxide
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Acetic Acid. A naturally occurring acid found in a variety of plants and fruits such as apples, grapes, oranges, pineapples, and strawberries. It is an organic acid that gives vinegar its sour taste and distinct smell.
In nature, formic acid is found in most ants and in stingless bees of the genus Oxytrigona. The wood ants from the genus Formica can spray formic acid on their prey or to defend the nest. The puss moth caterpillar (Cerura vinula) will spray it as well when threatened by predators.
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that has the molecular formula C6H8O7. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms. More than two million tons of citric acid are manufactured every year.
Oxalic acid, or oxalate, is a substance found in many plant foods. Certain green leafy vegetables, such as beet greens, rhubarb and spinach, are among the foods with the highest oxalic acid content, with anywhere from 380 to 1440 milligrams in a 3.5-ounce serving.
Ascorbic acid is found in nature in many fruits and vegetables and is produced by the kidney of some animals. Humans are not able to produce ascorbic acid and must obtain it from the diet, or else they will develop a deficiency and, in more severe cases, scurvy.
Tartaric acid is commonly obtained by processing the crystalline wastes of wine vats, but it can also be found naturally in some fruits. Grapes contain the greatest concentration of natural tartaric acid.
Sodium hydroxide is a common constituent of many household and industrial cleaners including oven cleaners and beerline cleaners. Sodium hydroxide is present as a stabilizing agent in bleach. It may also be found in dishwasher detergents. Some paint strippers and drain cleaners contain sodium hydroxide.
Being highly reactive, pure potassium is not found free in nature. It is present in ionic salts and in some minerals. It can be obtained in its pure form through the electrolysis of its hydroxide or its chloride. It was first isolated through electrolysis by Sir Humphry Davy in 1807.
Magnesium hydroxide is mainly excreted in the urine by the kidneys. Since the kidneys play a major role in its clearance, individuals with renal failure are at risk of hypermagnesemia with long term consumption as the appropriate amounts of magnesium may not be excreted.