name the type of spherical mirror with their symbol
Answers
Step-by-step explanation:
spherical mirror is a mirror that has the shape of a piece cut out of a spherical surface. There are two types of spherical mirrors: concave and convex mirror. In this article, we will be studying the spherical mirrors structure and its different types in detail.
History of Spherical Mirrors in Human Civilization
The first mirrors used by humans were most likely pools of water. The earliest known manufactured mirrors were polished stone pieces.
Back in 500 AD, Chinese people began making mirrors with silver-mercury amalgams.
Claudius Ptolemy conducted various experiments with curved polished iron mirrors.
Terminologies
There are a few basic terminologies that one needs to know while studying spherical mirrors, and they are:
Center of Curvature
The point in the centre of the mirror that passes through the curve of the mirror and has the same tangent and curvature at that point.
Radius of Curvature
It’s the linear distance between pole and the center of curvature.
Principal axis
The imaginary line passing through the optical center and the center of curvature of any lens or a spherical mirror.
Pole
The midpoint of the spherical mirror.
Aperture
An aperture of a mirror or lens is a point from which the reflection of light actually happens. It also gives the size of the mirror.
Principal Focus
Principal Focus can also be called Focal Point. It’s on the axis of a mirror or lens wherein rays of light parallel to the axis converge or appear to converge after reflection or refraction.
Focus
It’s any given point, where light rays parallel to the principal axis, will converge after getting reflected from the mirror.
Types of Spherical Mirrors
Concave And Convex Mirror
Spherical mirrors are of two types, and they are classified as follows:
Concave Mirror
Convex Mirror
Watch the video below to understand spherical mirror
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Concave Mirror
We know that a cut out of a reflective sphere is a spherical mirror. If the reflective surface is on the side curved inwards, it is a concave mirror. Concave mirrors are commonly used as shaving mirrors or by dentists and even in telescopes. The reflected image is magnified but the field of view is limited. Concave mirrors are also called converging mirrors.
Concave And Convex Mirrors
Convex Mirror
Similarly, if the reflective surface is curved outwards, it is a convex mirror. Convex mirrors are used extensively as part of car mirrors. Depending on the focal length, the reflected image is reduced in size but the field of view is more. This is very useful for drivers as the blind spots are drastically reduced. Convex mirrors are also called fish eye or diverging mirrors. You can recognize these mirrors easily as the outward bulge is quite evident most of the time.
Concave And Convex Mirrors
The Structure of Spherical Mirrors
A spherical mirror is always part of a bigger virtual sphere. Imagine a line passing the center of this sphere which touches the reflecting surface at its center. This line is called the principal axis.
The point where the principal axis meets the reflective surface has been marked by point in the figure. Point A is the vertex which is the center of the mirror.
Concave And Convex Mirrors
The center of the sphere, from which the spherical mirror has been cut, is marked by point C in the figure. This is the center of curvature. The distance from the vertex to the center of curvature is the radius of curvature, denoted by the length ‘R’ in the figure.
The point which lies midway between the vertex and the center of curvature is the focal point, marked as ‘F’
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