Question

name two homologous structures in vertebrates.why are they so called?how do such organs help in understanding an evolutionary relationship.

Answer 1

Example of homologous structures in vertebrates - Limbs of birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles

They are so called since they have similar basic structural plan, but appear different externally and perform different function. However they have evolved from a common ancestor.

Such a homologous characteristic helps to identify an evolutionary relationship between apparently different species.

Answer 2

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• Forelimb of human and wing of bird are homologous organs.
• They have same basic structural design and developmental origin but they have different functions and appearance.
• Homologous organs help us to understand that the organism have evolved from a common ancestor. They have more common characteristics, if they are more closely related.