Question

name two type of nuclic acid and their define

Answer 1

Two types of nucleic acid are:-

1. DNA : DeoxyriboNucleicAcid.
#A nucleic acid contains the genetic instructions used in development and functioning of all living organisms.
# DNA's genes expressed or manifested, through the proteins which nucleotides produce with the help of RNA.
# Double-stranded
# Base pairing of DNA is Adenine links to thymine (A-T) and cytosine links to guanine (C-G).
# DNA is self-replicating.

2. RNA : RiboNucleicAcid.
# It is a polymeric molecule implicated in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes.
# Single-stranded
# Base pairing is Adenine links to uracil (A-U) and cytosine links to guanine (C-G).
# RNA is synthesized from DNA when needed.

Answer 2

Types of Nucleic Acids are as follows:-
(I) DNA
(ii) RNA

*DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA is a double-stranded molecule (mostly)
• Long chain (of nucleotides)
DNA is located in the chromosome
• Only inside the nucleus
Types of DNA: • Nuclear DNA • Mitochondrial DNA
DNA's mutation rate is relatively lower
Stability of DNA is high
• Hydrolysis by base―resistant
Functions of the DNA are:
• Storing genetic information
• Directs protein synthesis
• Determines genetic coding
• Directly responsible for metabolic activities, evolution, heredity, and differentiation
Self-replication is observed in DNA
• Primer: required for replication
Bases ratio In case of DNA: 
• Adenine = Thymine 
• Guanine = Cytosine


*RNA- Ribonucleic Acid
RNA is a single-stranded molecule (mostly)
• Relatively short chain (of nucleotides)
RNA is located in the ribosome
• Inside, as well as outside the nucleus
Types of RNA: • mRNA • tRNA • rRNA
• hnRNA • snRNA• snoRNA • miRNA • siRNA
RNA's mutation rate is relatively higher
Stability of RNA is low
• Hydrolysis by base―susceptible
(Due to the presence of the hydroxyl group)
Functions of the RNA are:
• Transferring genetic information from the DNA to proteins
• Carrying it outside the nucleus
• Translating it to proteins
RNA is produced by DNA; few can replicate using an RNA template 
• Primer: not required for replication
Bases ratio In case of RNA: 
• Adenine ≠ Thymine 
• Guanine ≠ Cytosine