Question

National sales was the sharing of the powers of the samut ?​

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Answer 1

Explanation:

i) Power shared among different levels of government- Separation of powers

ii) Power shared among governments at different levels- Federal government

iii) Power shared by different social groups- Community government

iv) Power shared by two or more political parties- Coalition government.

Answer 2

Answer:

Ever since the Dutch political scientist Arend Lijphart “discovered” consociational democracy in the late 1960s as a model for maintaining democracy in plural societies, power-sharing and democracy have been viewed as closely linked. The work by Lijphart on consociational democracy and later also consensus democracy constituted a breakthrough in the thinking about democracy in divided societies as it showed that the two are not as incompatible as was often thought and claimed, not least by authoritarian rulers trying to justify their non-democratic regimes by invoking the overriding need for national unity. Lijphart’s research demonstrated that democracy in divided societies was possible if elites cooperated, even when the masses remained divided. In a consociational democracy, elite cooperation takes the form of executive coalitions in which the leaders of all main social groups are represented; proportional representation in assemblies as well as a proportional allocation of offices and resources; autonomy for social groups in the spheres important to them, such as education; and a mutual veto for groups that see their vital interests at stake (Bogaards 2000). For Lijphart and many with him, democracy in deeply divided societies is possible only when power is shared instead of monopolised, devolved rather than centralised. Majoritarian democracy is judged unsuitable for plural societies, because the winner-takes-all character and concentration of power allow a dominant group or coalition of groups to capture state power, relegating the minority into permanent opposition. The breakdown of democracy in many post-colonial states in Africa and Asia was attributed to the adoption of Westminster-style democracy, inherited from the (British) colonial powers. Power-sharing became synonymous with democracy.

Explanation:

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