NCERT SOLUTIONS for class 8 SST history chapter 4
Answers
Answer:
1: Fill in the blanks:
The British described the tribal people as ____________.
Answer: Uncivilised
2.The method of sowing seeds in jhum cultivation is known as ____________.
Answer :Broadcasting
3.The tribal chiefs got ____________ titles in central India under the British land settlements.
Answer :land
4.Tribals went to work in the ____________ of Assam and the ____________ in Bihar.
Answer tea plantations, coal mines
2: State whether true or false:
Jhum cultivators plough the land and sow seeds.
Cocoons were bought from the Santhals and sold by the traders at five times the purchase price.
Birsa urged his followers to purify themselves, give up drinking liquor and stop believing in witchcraft and sorcery.
The British wanted to preserve the tribal way of life.
Answer: (a) False, (b) True, (c) True, (d) False
3: What problems did shifting cultivators face under British rule?
Answer: The shifting cultivators were forced to take up settled cultivation. But type of land and shortage of water meant they could not produce enough. Many of them had to move on to other areas in search of work when access to the forest was restricted.
Question 4: How did the powers of tribal chiefs change under colonial rule?
Answer: The functions and powers of the tribal chiefs changed considerably under the British rule. They lost much of their administrative power. They were forced to follow the laws made by the British. They had to pay tribute to the British. They were expected to discipline their people on behalf of the British government. However, they were allowed to keep their land titles over a cluster of villages and could rent out lands. Thus, the authority of the tribal chiefs significantly reduced under the colonial rule.
5: What accounts for the anger of the tribals against the dikus?
Answer: Interaction with merchants and traders usually meant debt and poverty for the tribal. Hence, moneylenders and traders were seen as evil outsiders. They were seen as the cause of the misery of tribal people. The moneylenders and any other outsider were called the dikus.
Question 6: What was Birsa’s vision of a golden age? Why do you think such a vision appealed to the people of the region?
Answer: The tribal sirdars talked of a golden age. This was an age when the Mundas had been free from the oppression of dikus (enemies). They visualized of a time when the ancestral right of the community would be restored.
Everyone wants a freedom from oppression and most of the people want the pride of their community. The vision of a golden age was like a dream for the tribal people. Hence, this vision appealed to the people of the region.
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Answer:
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The British described the tribal people as ____________.
(b) The method of sowing seeds in jhum cultivation is known as ____________.
(c) The tribal chiefs got ____________ titles in central India under the British land settlements.
(d) Tribals went to work in the ____________ of Assam and the ____________ in Bihar.
Answer.
(a) The British described the tribal people as wild and savage.
(b) The method of sowing seeds in jhum cultivation is known as broadcasting.
(c) The tribal chiefs got land titles in central India under the British land settlements.
(d) Tribals went to work in the tea plantations of Assam and the coal mines in Bihar.
2. State whether true or false:
(a) Jhum cultivators plough the land and sow seeds.
(b) Cocoons were bought from the Santhals and sold by the traders at five times the purchase price.
(c) Birsa urged his followers to purify themselves, give up drinking liquor and stop believing in witchcraft and sorcery.
(d) The British wanted to preserve the tribal way of life.
Answer.
(a) Jhum cultivators plough the land and sow seeds – False
(b) Cocoons were bought from the Santhals and sold by the traders at five times the purchase price – True
(c) Birsa urged his followers to purify themselves, give up drinking liquor and stop believing in witchcraft and sorcery – True
(d) The British wanted to preserve the tribal way of life – False
3. What problems did shifting cultivators face under British rule?
Answer.
the problem faced by the shifting cultivators under British rule are as follows:
1. they were not allowed to enter the forest
2. they were not allowed to cut the trees
3. they were not allowed to do shifting cultivation
4. many cultivator where force to move to another place in search of work
4. how did the powers of tribal chiefs change under Colonial rule ?
answer
the functions and power of the tribals cheifs changed considerably under the British rule :
1. they lost much of their administration power
2. they were forced to follow the laws made by the British
3. the authority of the tribals change significantly reduced under the Colonial rule
5. what accounts for the anger of the tribal against the dikus ?
The following facts account for their anger against the dikus :
1. The land policies of the British were destroying their traditional land system
2. Hindu landlords and money lenders were taking over their land
3. missionaries were criticizing their traditional culture
6. what was based vision of a golden age of what do you think that you didn't appealed to the people of the region
answer
Visions of Birsa about golden age was remarkable he's a philosophy was based on the following :
1. developments of tribal people were multipurpose and welfare for them
2. tribal people will carry out cultivation ,construction Dam for collection of water for cultivation
3. plantation of trees and orchards for preservation and Restoration of natural resources
4. tribal will leave a peacefully and would not kill one another
5. His golden age vision was based on honesty, free from abuses of liquor, clean society free from witch craft and other bad habits which ruins the society