Question

nearly 50,million people left Europe for America and Australia in the 19 century. give 4 reasons.

Answer 1

Europeans fled to America in 19th century because :
(i) Until the 19th century, power and hunger were common in Europe.
(ii) Cities were crowded and deadly diseases were underspread.
(iii) Religious conflicts were common and religious dissenters were persecuted.
(iv) In America, plantations were growing cotton and sugar for the European market. These plantations were worked on by slaves. 
The problems faced by Indian cotton weavers continued. They were as follows :
(i) Their export market collapsed due to increase in import duties on them in England.
(ii) Their local market shrank as they were flooded with cheap Manchester imports.
(iii) They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton of good quality. When the American civil war broke out and cotton supplies from the U.S. were cut off, Britain turned to India. Indian weavers were forced to buy cotton at a very high price.

Answer 2

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