Question

Notes on Microbial fermentation and production of small and macro molecules

Answer 1

The person receives nutritional formulae that contain nutrients such as glucose, salts, amino acids, lipids and added vitamins and dietary minerals.

Answer 2

Answer:

Fermentation refer to the breakdown glucose in absence of oxygen. Microbes usually get energy from fermentation in absence of oxygen.

This property of microbial fermentation is used in industrial production of various products like:

Fermented beverages: Microbes such as yeast are used for the production of beverages such as wine, beer brandy, whiskey, and rum. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for the production of ethanol.

Chemicals: Chemical compounds such as organic acids, alcohol, and enzymes are also produced with the help of microbial fermentation. For example, Aspergillus niger (a fungus) is used for production of citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (bacterium) is used in the production of acetic acid, Clostridium butylicum helps in the production of butyric acid et cetera.

Other industrial products produce with the help of microbes may include antibiotics, enzymes, bioactive molecules (such as cyclosporin A, statin).