Notes on the educational policy of the british india
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Initial Stage: All were taught in Pathshalas and Madarsas.
In initial days of British rule, they didn’t show any interest in changing the education system of India.
Later, for personal benefits and political gain, some Governors showed their interest in spreading education.
Oriental education was the result of that interest.By efforts of these Generals and Governors, oriental education got a foothold in Indian Education System.
After some period of British Rule, Christian Missionaries showed their interest. ( During 1800 A.D.)As colonial rulers didn’t show much interest, these missionaries came forward to give a new turn to education system of India.Due to which, Baptist Missionary came into existence in India. It was first established in Serampore.They printed booklets by establishing printing presses.Ramayana translated and printed in English.Due to this, Bible also translated in various Indian Languages and printed.And, their enthusiasm led the establishment Serampore College, an English School.
With the effect of Christian Missionaries, Indian people also showed interest. (During 1800 A.D)Raja RamMohan Roy was one of the change agent for Indian Education System along with other names.He established Anglo-Hindu School in 1815 A.D.Due to his interest and efforts, later he got the recognition as “Father of Modern India”.Inspired from Roy, many rich Indian Civilians came forward and established Hindu College in Calcutta.Today, we know it as Presidency College and many great people studied and passed out from here
.Influenced by the changes in Indian Education System, Govt. also participated.In the Charter Act 1813, one lakh rupees was sanctioned for developing Indian Education.But, conflict started between Oriental Education and English Education Supporters due to line of expenditure.R.M. Roy supported English Education but the concerned committee (General Committee of Public Instruction) favored oriental studies.With its effect, Sanskrit College at Calcutta established.After lot of arguments and conflicts, General Committee of Public Instruction was discontinued and Council of Education formed.Few Indians also became part of this council.And, Wood’s Despatch proposal accepted.Under this proposal, education system regularized.And, schools and colleges established for providing basic to university level education.During 1857 A.D. Calcutta, Bombay and Madras Universities also established
.In the second stage, Indian education system experienced many transformations (During 1900)Based on Curzon’s recommendations, Indian Universities Act 1904 passed.7 new universities established during this period. These universities were Lucknow, Osmania, Aligarh, Patna, Mysore, Banaras, Dhaka.Kashi Vidyappeth and Jamia Milia Islamia also established.University courses categorized and divided as Pass & Honors courses.In this period Hartog Committee formed and they recommendedPolicy of consolidation and improvement of primary education.To constantly improve the universities infrastructures and functioning.After Hartog Committee, Sergeant Plan of Education came into existenceIt recommended to establish more primary and secondary schools.Ages for compulsory education determined- 6–11 years.High schools divided into two parts- Academic and Technical & Vocational Schools.
This was a brief outline of British Education Policy in India till their rule. After 1947, when India became independent, it made some necessary changes keeping the basic structure of education as same as laid by Britishers.
And, the present education system of India is the improved version of that system after making many changes in its policies and regulations.
In initial days of British rule, they didn’t show any interest in changing the education system of India.
Later, for personal benefits and political gain, some Governors showed their interest in spreading education.
Oriental education was the result of that interest.By efforts of these Generals and Governors, oriental education got a foothold in Indian Education System.
After some period of British Rule, Christian Missionaries showed their interest. ( During 1800 A.D.)As colonial rulers didn’t show much interest, these missionaries came forward to give a new turn to education system of India.Due to which, Baptist Missionary came into existence in India. It was first established in Serampore.They printed booklets by establishing printing presses.Ramayana translated and printed in English.Due to this, Bible also translated in various Indian Languages and printed.And, their enthusiasm led the establishment Serampore College, an English School.
With the effect of Christian Missionaries, Indian people also showed interest. (During 1800 A.D)Raja RamMohan Roy was one of the change agent for Indian Education System along with other names.He established Anglo-Hindu School in 1815 A.D.Due to his interest and efforts, later he got the recognition as “Father of Modern India”.Inspired from Roy, many rich Indian Civilians came forward and established Hindu College in Calcutta.Today, we know it as Presidency College and many great people studied and passed out from here
.Influenced by the changes in Indian Education System, Govt. also participated.In the Charter Act 1813, one lakh rupees was sanctioned for developing Indian Education.But, conflict started between Oriental Education and English Education Supporters due to line of expenditure.R.M. Roy supported English Education but the concerned committee (General Committee of Public Instruction) favored oriental studies.With its effect, Sanskrit College at Calcutta established.After lot of arguments and conflicts, General Committee of Public Instruction was discontinued and Council of Education formed.Few Indians also became part of this council.And, Wood’s Despatch proposal accepted.Under this proposal, education system regularized.And, schools and colleges established for providing basic to university level education.During 1857 A.D. Calcutta, Bombay and Madras Universities also established
.In the second stage, Indian education system experienced many transformations (During 1900)Based on Curzon’s recommendations, Indian Universities Act 1904 passed.7 new universities established during this period. These universities were Lucknow, Osmania, Aligarh, Patna, Mysore, Banaras, Dhaka.Kashi Vidyappeth and Jamia Milia Islamia also established.University courses categorized and divided as Pass & Honors courses.In this period Hartog Committee formed and they recommendedPolicy of consolidation and improvement of primary education.To constantly improve the universities infrastructures and functioning.After Hartog Committee, Sergeant Plan of Education came into existenceIt recommended to establish more primary and secondary schools.Ages for compulsory education determined- 6–11 years.High schools divided into two parts- Academic and Technical & Vocational Schools.
This was a brief outline of British Education Policy in India till their rule. After 1947, when India became independent, it made some necessary changes keeping the basic structure of education as same as laid by Britishers.
And, the present education system of India is the improved version of that system after making many changes in its policies and regulations.
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