Question

Nowadays edible vaccines are produced .

Answer 1

Edible vaccines are nothing but transgenic plant and animal based production of or those that contain agents that trigger an animal's immune response. In simple terms, edible vaccines are plant or animal made pharmaceuticals.

Answer 2

Plant-based vaccine production mainly involves the integration of transgene into the plant cells. The target sequence of the selected antigen is integrated with the vector before being transferred into the expression system. The transgene can then be expressed in the plants either through a stable transformation system or through transient transformation system, depending on the location where the transgene has been inserted in the cells. Stable transformation system can be achieved through nuclear or plastid integration [14]. It is called stable or permanent due to the permanent changes occurring in recipient cells’ genetics as the target transgene is integrated into the genome of host plant cells . Biolistic and genetically modifiedAgrobacterium strain can lead to the formation of stable transfection. However, asAgrobacterium tumefaciens is not infecting many plant species naturally, it limits the application of Agrobacterium strain for stable transformation of the desired gene. Generally, stably transgenic plant cells produce a lower amount of subunit antigen, in the range of 0.01 to 0.30% of total soluble plant protein.

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