objective of the project for experiments conducted and theories proposed by scientists from John Dalton to Niels Bohr
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Dalton's atomic theory
John Dalton (1766-1844)
John Dalton developed an atomic theory in the 1800s. He did experiments, worked out some atomic weights and invented symbols for atoms and molecules. His most important conclusions are summarised below:
All matter is made of atoms
Atoms cannot be broken down into anything simpler
All the atoms of a particular element are identical to each other and different from the atoms of other elements
Atoms are rearranged in a chemical reaction
Compounds are formed when two or more different kinds of atoms join together
Dalton's theory was developed and changed as new evidence was discovered.
JJ Thomson's discovery of the electron
JJ Thompson discovered the electron in 1897. This showed that the atom contained smaller pieces, whereas Dalton had thought that atoms could not be broken down into anything simpler.
Rutherford's nuclear atom
In 1911 Ernest Rutherford used experimental evidence to show that an atom must contain a central nucleus. This was further evidence that an atom contained smaller pieces.
Bohr's electron orbits
Niels Bohr further developed Rutherford's nuclear atom model. He used experimental evidence to support the idea that electrons occupy particular orbits or shells around the nucleus of an atom.
The development of the theory of atomic structure is an example of:
How a theory may change as new evidence is found
How a scientific explanation is provisional but may become more convincing when predictions based on it are confirmed later on
John Dalton (1766-1844)
John Dalton developed an atomic theory in the 1800s. He did experiments, worked out some atomic weights and invented symbols for atoms and molecules. His most important conclusions are summarised below:
All matter is made of atoms
Atoms cannot be broken down into anything simpler
All the atoms of a particular element are identical to each other and different from the atoms of other elements
Atoms are rearranged in a chemical reaction
Compounds are formed when two or more different kinds of atoms join together
Dalton's theory was developed and changed as new evidence was discovered.
JJ Thomson's discovery of the electron
JJ Thompson discovered the electron in 1897. This showed that the atom contained smaller pieces, whereas Dalton had thought that atoms could not be broken down into anything simpler.
Rutherford's nuclear atom
In 1911 Ernest Rutherford used experimental evidence to show that an atom must contain a central nucleus. This was further evidence that an atom contained smaller pieces.
Bohr's electron orbits
Niels Bohr further developed Rutherford's nuclear atom model. He used experimental evidence to support the idea that electrons occupy particular orbits or shells around the nucleus of an atom.
The development of the theory of atomic structure is an example of:
How a theory may change as new evidence is found
How a scientific explanation is provisional but may become more convincing when predictions based on it are confirmed later on
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