Question

On dropping a small piece of sodium in test tube containing carbon compound "X" is produced. On bringing a burning splinter at the mouth of the test tube the gas evolved burns with a pop sound. Identity "X" and "Y".Also write the chemical equation for the reaction.Write the name and structure of the product formed. When you heat " X" with excess conc.sulphuric acid.

Answer 1

 X is ethanol and Y is hydrogen.  
chemical equation:
                                 
                                2Na + 2CH3 CH2 OH ~~. 2CH3 CH2 O Na + H2
Product formed: sodium ethaoxide
when X is heated with excess conc. sulphuric acid dehydration reaction takes place. ethanol is converted to ethene 

Answer 2

1) The gas evolved burns with a pop sound, this indicates that the gas is hydrogen. 
When ethanol reacts with sodium, sodium ethoxide is formed and hydrogen gas is released.
2C2H5OH + 2Na ------> 2C2H5ONa + H2
Hence, carbon compound 'X' is ethanol and gas 'Y' is hydrogen gas.
Ethanol on heating with conc. shuphuric acid gives ethene(CH2=CH2) 
C2H5OH suphuric acid-------> CH2=CH2 + H2O