Question

One language policy implemented in nepal by monarchy

Answer 1

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This essay will consider language-in-education policy in Nepal. Since its inception as a unified state in 1769 until recently, Nepal’s polity has imposed monolinguisitic language policies on a highly diverse and heterogeneous ethnolinguistic population in a conscious effort to foster Nepali nationalism and political unity. In the educational sphere, Nepali was designated as the sole medium of instruction in all schools in the country. In 1990, the democratic multiparty People’s Movement (Jana Aandolan) ended the Panchayat era and paved the way for greater recognition of ethnolingusitic rights, including the right to mother tongue education at primary school level, by enshrining provisions in the newly drafted constitution. In 2006 the second People’s Movement (Jana Aandolan II) toppled the Nepali monarchy and helped win power for the former rebels, the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). The country was declared a secular democratic federal republic. The Interim constitution of 2007 echoed the multilingual aspirations of the 1990 constitution. However, in spite of this and in spite of ‘ethnic activism’ moving into the centre ground of Nepalese political discourse, commentators have claimed that limited change has been achieved in the sphere of ethnolinguistic rights in general and in language-in-education policy in particular (Graner 2006: 155)

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