Question

Optical fibers are used to send long distance communication. Give reason.
[TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION]

Answer 1

An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass(silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiber-optic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than wire cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss; in addition, fibers are immune to electromagnetic interference, a problem from which metal wires suffer excessively.

Optical fibers typically include a core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index of refraction. Light is kept in the core by the phenomenon of total internal reflection which causes the fiber to act as a waveguide.

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Answer 2

Optical fibres were used to transmit signals because it carries the signals as it is by the phenomenon of total internal reflection