Question

Organisation, powers and function of federal judiciary in usa

Answer 1

Organization of the Judiciary:

Organization of the judiciary is different in different states according to judicial requirements of each state. The structure of judiciary is very vast in each state consisting of a network of courts with differing jurisdictions and judicial powers to administer justice for common people. Judicial is totally separate and independent in some states while in some other it is combined to some extent with the executive. In federal state „ there are two structures i.e. one for the federation or the central government and the other for the units or provinces, such as the U.S. judicial system.
The courts of the following types are found in different systems:

Civil Courts
Criminal Courts
Special Courts
Administrative Courts

Functions and Powers of the Judiciary
The main purpose of the judicial organization is the administration of justice, and settlement of disputes either between citizens/individuals or between citizens and state. It fulfills the requirements of justice by open, impartial and fair trial of the persons accused under various charges. Courts sort out and investigate the facts and punish those persons who have violated the state laws and also declare and determine the rights in civil matters. In modern states, courts perform numerous functions but their important functions and powers are as under:-

–                  Administration of justice;

–                  Settlement of disputes;

–              Interpretation of Constitution and statutes;

Judicial Reviews;
Advisory Jurisdiction;
Preventive justice
 Safeguarding fundamental rights;
Administrative Functions;
Misc. and non-judicial functions.