Question

organisms that live in or near the host and obtain their nutrition from the host are called...1- saprophytes 2- autotrophs 3 - heterotrophs 4- parasites​

Answer 1

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Parasites are the organisms that are heterotrophic i.e cannot make their own food and hence depend on the host for the food. This mode of nutrition is called parasitic mode of nutrition. The host is harmed by the parasite in this activity.

Some examples of parasites are :

• Tapeworm
• Threadworm
• Hookworm
• Flea

Supplementary information :

Saprophytes are the organisms that live and feed on dead and decaying matter. Examples :

• Fungi
• Molds
• Mushrooms

Autotrophes are the beings that can make their own food. Examples :

• Plants

Heterotrophs are the organisms that depend upon others for thier nutrition. Examples :

• Animals
• Humans
• Birds

Answer 2

Answer:

What are Saprophytes?

Saprophytes are the living organisms that live and feed on dead and decaying organisms. They are considered extremely important in soil biology. They break down the complex organic matter into simpler substances that are taken up by the plants for various metabolic activities. Thus, saprophytes play a significant role in the ecosystem. Fungi and a few bacteria are saprophytes.

Saprophytes have certain characteristic features:

They produce filaments.

They are devoid of leaves, roots and stem.

They cannot perform photosynthesis and are heterotrophs.

They can produce spores.

The saprophytes secrete digestive juices and breakdown the organic matter around them. The fungi grow tubular structures known as hyphae that branch into the dead matter and produce digestive enzymes.

Also Read Photosynthesis

2. Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food, using materials from inorganic sources. The word “autotroph” comes from the root words “auto” for “self” and “troph” for “food.” An autotroph is an organism that feeds itself, without the assistance of any other organisms.

3. A heterotroph is an organism that cannot manufacture its own food by carbon fixation and therefore derives its intake of nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. In the food chain, heterotrophs are secondary and tertiary consumers.

4.A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. There are three main classes of parasites that can cause disease in humans: protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites.