Question

outline any five steps in developing a research instrument

Answer 1

Program Management

Step 1 – Locating and Defining Issues or Problems. ...

Step 2 – Designing the Research Project. ...

Step 3 – Collecting Data. ...

Step 4 – Interpreting Research Data. ...

Step 5 – Report Research Findings.

Answer 2

Answer:

• The background is step one. In this first phase, the proposed research's goal, objectives, research questions, and hypothesis are assessed.
• Step 2: Conceptualizing the questionnaire.
• Format and data analysis in Step 3...
• Establishing Validity is the fourth step.
• Establishing Reliability is step five.

Explanation:

• The most popular technique of data collecting in educational and assessment research is the questionnaire.
• Questionnaires are a useful tool for gathering data about facts, attitudes, behaviors, and other topics. Radhakrishna, Leite, and Baggett (2003) reported that 64% of the 748 research papers in agriculture and Extension education employed questionnaires.
• Additionally, they discovered that 31% of the research examined failed to disclose the methods used to determine reliability or validity (33 percent ).
• To minimize measurement error, an accurate and trustworthy questionnaire must be developed.
• Measurement error, according to Groves (1987), is the "difference between respondents' qualities and their survey replies" (p. 162).
• A valid and accurate questionnaire requires multiple phases that take a long time to develop.
• The sequential stages required in creating and testing questionnaires used for data collecting are described in this article.
• The five consecutive phases involved in questionnaire preparation and testing.
• Before moving on to the next stage, the prior step must have been tested and fine-tuned.
• After these steps, a conclusion is drawn.

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