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Chhattisgarh (Chatīsgaṛh, literally 'Thirty-Six Forts') is a state in central India. It is the 10th largest state in India, with an area of 135,194 km2 (52,199 sq mi). With a population of 28 million, Chhattisgarh is the 17th most-populated state of the nation. It is a source of electricity and steel for India, accounting for 15% of the total steel produced in the country.[1] Chhattisgarh is one of the fastest-developing states in India.[2]
The state was formed on 1 November 2000 by partitioning 16 Chhattisgarhi-speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh.[3][4] Raipur was made its capital city. Chhattisgarh borders the states of Madhya Pradesh in the northwest, Maharashtra in the southwest, Telangana in the south, Odisha in the southeast, Jharkhand in the northeast and Uttar Pradesh in the north. Currently the state comprises 27 districts.
here are several opinions as to the origin of the name Chhattisgarh, which in ancient times was known as Dakshina Kosala (South Kosala).[5] "Chhattisgarh" was popularized later during the time of the Maratha Empireand was first used in an official document in 1795.
It is claimed that Chhattisgarh takes its name from the 36 ancient forts in the area[5] (chhattis—thirty-six" and garh—fort). The old state had 36 demesnes (feudal territories): Ratanpur, Vijaypur, Kharound, Maro, Kautgarh, Nawagarh, Sondhi, Aukhar, Padarbhatta, Semriya, Champa, Lafa, Chhuri, Kenda, Matin, Aparora, Pendra, Kurkuti-kandri, Raipur, Patan, Simaga, Singarpur, Lavan, Omera, Durg, Saradha, Sirasa, Menhadi, Khallari, Sirpur, Figeswar, Rajim, Singhangarh, Suvarmar, Tenganagarh and Akaltara.[6] However, experts do not agree with this explanation, as 36 forts cannot be archaeologically identified in this region.
Another view, more popular with experts and historians, is that Chhattisgarh is the corrupted form of Chedisgarh which means Raj or "Empire of the Chedis".[5] In ancient time Chhattisgarh region was also part of Chedi dynasty of Kaling,modern Odisha.In medieval period up to arrival of 1803 major partion of present eastern Chhattisgarh was part of Chauhan rulers of Hirakhand or Sambalpur Kingdom of Odisha.
Name of the State Languages Name of the Capital
Andhra Pradesh Telugu Hyderabad/Amravati
Arunachal Pradesh {AP} English Itanagar
Assam Assamese Dispur
Bihar Hindi Patna
Chhattisgarh Hindi Raipur
Goa Konkani Panaji
Gujarat Gujarati Gandhinagar
Haryana Hindi Chandigarh
Himachal Pradesh {HP} Hindi Shimla
Jammu & Kashmir {J&K} Urdu Srinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)
Jharkhand Hindi Ranchi
Karnataka Kannada Bangalore
Kerala Malayalam Trivendrum
Madhya Pradesh {MP} Hindi Bhopal
Maharashtra Marathi Mumbai
Manipur Meiteilon (Manipuri) Imphal
Meghalaya English Shillong
Mizoram Mizo, English & Hindi Aizawl
Nagaland English Kohima
Odisha Odia Bhubaneshwar
Punjab Punjabi Chandigarh
Rajasthan Hindi Jaipur
Sikkim English Gangtok
Tamil Nadu Tamil Chennai
Telangana Telugu & Urdu Hyderabad
Tripura Bengali, English & Kokborok Agartala
Uttar Pradesh {UP} Hindi Lucknow
Uttarakhand Hindi Dehradun
West Bengal {WB} Bengali Kolkata