Question

pelvic girdle bones name​

Answer 1

Answer:

ischium , pubis ,illium

Answer 2

Explanation:

The pelvic girdle is a ring-like bony structure, located in the lower part of the trunk. It connects the axial skeleton to the lower limbs.

In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the pelvic girdle – its bony landmarks, functions, and its clinical relevance.

Structure of the Pelvic Girdle

The bony pelvis consists of the two hip bones (also known as innominate or pelvic bones), the sacrum and the coccyx.

There are four articulations within the pelvis:

Sacroiliac joints (x2) – between the ilium of the hip bones, and the sacrum

Sacrococcygeal symphysis – between the sacrum and the coccyx.

Pubic symphysis – between the pubis bodies of the two hip bones.

Ligaments attach the lateral border of the sacrum to various bony landmarks on the bony pelvis to aid stability.

By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2020)

Fig 1 – The pelvic girdle is formed by the hip bones, sacrum and coccyx.

Functions of the Pelvis

The strong and rigid pelvis is adapted to serve a number of roles in the human body. The main functions being:

Transfer of weight from the upper axial skeleton to the lower appendicular components of the skeleton, especially during movement.

Provides attachment for a number of muscles and ligaments used in locomotion.

Contains and protects the abdominopelvic and pelvic viscera.

The Greater and Lesser Pelvis

The osteology of the pelvic girdle allows the pelvic region to be divided into two:

Greater pelvis (false pelvis) – located superiorly

it provides support of the lower abdominal viscera (such as a ileum and sigmoid colon). It has little obstetric relevance.

Lesser pelvis (true pelvis) – located inferiorly. Within the lesser pelvis reside the pelvic cavity and pelvic viscera.

The junction between the greater and lesser pelvis is known as the pelvic inlet. The outer bony edges of the pelvic inlet are called the pelvic brim.

By TeachMeSeries Ltd (2020)

Fig 2 – The greater and lesser pelvis. The lesser pelvis is the ‘true’ pelvis, and contains the pelvic cavity.

Pelvic Inlet

The pelvic inlet marks the boundary between the greater pelvis and lesser pelvis. Its size is defined by its edge, the pelvic brim.

The borders of the pelvic inlet:

Posterior – sacral promontory (the superior portion of the sacrum) and sacral wings (ala).

Lateral – arcuate line on the inner surface of the ilium, and the pectineal line on the superior pubic ramus.

Anterior – pubic symphysis.

The pelvic inlet determines the size and shape of the birth canal, with the prominent ridges key areas of muscle and ligament attachment.

Some alternative descriptive terminology can be used in describing the pelvic inlet:

Linea terminalis – the combined pectineal line, arcuate line and sacral promontory.

Iliopectineal line – the combined arcuate and pectineal lines. This represents the lateral border of the pelvic inlet.