people who are born in affluence have a problem free life as
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Middle class families in rich countries normally have one or two cars and drive 20,000–30,000 kilometers every year. They travel on holidays by air one or more times per year, have a rather big house with fossil fuel based heating and air-conditioning, many appliances, eat around 300 grams of meat a day, and buy meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, and other consumer goods from all over the world.
As a result people in affluent societies have a yearly CO2 emission in the range from 10–20 tons CO2 per person.15 In applied neoclassical economics this lifestyle is regarded as the result of an optimization process where free, well-informed, and rational consumers are deciding what should be produced in society by voting with their banknotes in the housing and transport sectors and in supermarkets and shopping malls. According to this economic theory, the resulting growth and distribution of production is therefore the result of the multitude of choices made by these free and rational people pursuing their individual wishes. In reality, more than six billion people in the world do not have the opportunities implied by this model, but a large part of these people appear to aim at the same rich middle class lifestyle. This is a basic problem for sustainable development and in relation to the externality problem.
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