Question

Perform an activity to identify the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed. Explain the parts and its functions.plz answer for 10 marks. ​

Answer 1

Answer:

The embryo is differentiated into threeparts— plumule, radicle and cotyledons. Plumule is upper terminal part of embryowhich elongates and develops into future shoot. The lower end of embryo is radicle. Radicle develops into future root.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Aim

To identify the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (pea, gram or red kidney bean).

Theory

Seed: Seed is a small embryonic plant present in a safe coating of seed coat, it stores food.

Seed formation: The male gamete of plant, i.e., pollen grains and female gamete of a plant, i.e., ovules fuse together to form seed. The seed formation takes place due to fertilization, and it is the product of reproduction in plants. The embryo of seed is formed from the zygote.

Food in seed: The food is stored in the cotyledons of embryo in some plants and in the endosperm, a special tissue outside the embryo in other plants.

Three basic parts of a seed:

1. An embryo

2. Nutrient for embryo

3. Seed coat.

Embryo: The embryo of seed is an immature plant from which a new plant can grow.

The radicle that comes out of the embryo is the embryonic root. The plumule is the embryonic shoot.

Cotyledons: It is the seed leaf present in seed. If the embryo has one seed leaf it is monocotyledon and if it has two seed leaves it is dicotyledon.

Epicotyl: The part of the embryonic stem above the point of attachment of the cotyledon is the epicotyl.

Hypocotyl: The area between the radicle and the place of origin of cotyledons is termed as hypocotyl.

Nutrients for the Embryo: Seed stores nutrients for the growth of an embryo during germination. The nutrients/ stored food is in the form of oil, fat and protein.

Seed Coat: The seed coat protects the embryo from mechanical injury and from drying out. It can be a paper thin as in case of peanut or may be very thick e.g. coconut.

Materials Required

Water soaked seeds of pea, gram or red kidney beans, petridish, forcep, needle, brush and simple microscope and slide.

Procedure

Take 8-10 soaked seeds of pea/gram/red kidney beans, place them on wet cotton in petridish overnight. The seed coat becomes soft which helps in the opening of the seeds.

With the help of forcep, slowly remove the seed coat and study different parts of seed embryo.

Now, slowly remove the embryo axis with needle and place it on the slide.

Observe these three parts of the seed obtained, record your observations and draw diagrams.

Observations

The seed has a small pore called micropyle.

It is a dicot seed, i.e., the seed has two cotyledons.

The embryo axis shows radicle and plumule, (as shown in the figure), the radicle is future root and the plumule is future shoot.

The food is stored in cotyledons.

Conclusion

The different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed were identified as plumule (future shoot), radicle (future root), seed coat (outer covering) and cotyledons (food store)

Precautions

The best quality seeds should be used for study.

Soak the seeds overnight to make the seed coat soft.

Observe the parts under simple microscope/lens and record your observations.

Remove the seed coat very gently.

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