Question

permitted level of lead metal in lipsticks lipstick​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Heavy metals occurring in the natural environment (water, soil, rocks) are found in trace amounts in raw materials used in the cosmetic industry. They can be desirable ingredients (e.g., dyes) or undesirable in many cosmetics and dietary supplements. Metallic impurities posing a threat to the health of consumers are, inter alia, particularly harmful elements such as lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni). Their content in cosmetic products is prohibited or restricted by the regulations of some countries, but, in many countries, there are no regulations in this regard. Apart from these toxic trace metals, elements such as iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are necessary, but dangerous in excessive amounts, may also be present in cosmetics. Contamination of cosmetic preparations with heavy metals occurs in the process of production, or as a result of inadequate purification of the natural raw materials used as ingredients [1]. Despite numerous controls in the manufacturing process, production in accordance with the principles of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), and campaigns for the safe use of cosmetics, these elements are still present even in the best quality products. The single use of a cosmetic containing a toxic element is not usually associated with the appearance of side effects. However, due to the way they are used, they can pose a certain risk. One of the main problems is the presence of lead in lipsticks and in coloring agents. Some of the metals found in cosmetics, such as nickel and copper, cause allergic reactions [2,3]. The effect of long-term exposure to heavy metals is their accumulation in the body, and as a consequence, the increased risk of various health problems. In this work we present the results of a survey of metallic impurities in several lipsticks and face powders present on the Polish market.

The aim of the study has been to evaluate concentrations of lead, nickel, copper, zinc and iron. This choice of metals was imposed by the fact that Pb and Ni belong to compounds prohibited in cosmetics. Some Zn compounds are limited by special restrictions, and the presence of Cu and Fe is allowed in cosmetics according to Regulation No. 1223/2009 of the European Parliament [4]. Therefore, it was interesting to find out the presence and the levels of these metals in the chosen cosmetic products in order to draw consumers’ awareness to their exposure to these hidden metals.

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