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The Five Manufacturing Processes
1. Repetitive Manufacturing
A manufacturer would use repetitive manufacturing for repeated production that commits to a production rate.
Repetitive processing is comprised of dedicated production lines that produce the same or a paraphernalia of items, 24/7, all year round.
With its requirements for setup being minimal or having little changeover, the operation speeds can be increased or decreased to meet customer demands or requirements.
2. Discrete Manufacturing
Like repetitive manufacturing, discrete manufacturing also utilizes an assembly or production line. However, this process is extremely diverse, with a variation of setups and changeover frequencies. This is due to factors based on whether the products in production are similar or discordant in design.
If the items are vastly different this will require altering the setup and a tear-down, which means production will require more time.
3. Job Shop Manufacturing
Job shop manufacturing, unlike repetitive or discrete manufacturing, makes use of production areas rather than assembly lines. This is because this process will produce smaller batches of custom products, which can be either made-to-order (MTO) or made-to-stock (MTS).
These workstations are organized to make one version of a custom product, or even a couple of dozen. If customer demand requires it, the operation can become a discrete manufacturing line with selected labor operations being, potentially, replaced by automated equipment.
Of course, this depends on the type of manufacturing business.
4. Process Manufacturing (Continuous)
Process manufacturing (also called continuous manufacturing) is similar to repetitive manufacturing as it too also runs 24/7. However, the difference is that this manufacturing process productions raw materials are gases, liquids, powders, or slurries. But, in areas like mining, the products can be granule materials.
Product designs are similar, unless the disciplines to create a final product or a production process is more diverse.
5. Process Manufacturing (Batch)
Process manufacturing (also called batch manufacturing) shares similarities with discrete and job shop processes. Depending on consumer demand, one batch could be enough to meet that demand. Once a batch is completed, the equipment is cleaned, ready to produce the next batch when needed. Batch processes are continuous in nature.
Continuous batch processes are achievable when the ingredients or raw materials cannot be made to a strict standard. Just like Process manufacturing (continuous) the product ingredients are similar, and the production process is more diverse.
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