Question

Please answer both...........................

Answer 1

22.The outcomes of democracy are:

1. Accountable , legitimate , responsive government: Democracy ensures free and fair elections. By doing so, it helps to install an accountable, legitimate and responsive government.

2. Economic growth and development: It is expected from democracy to bring economic development because, it works on the principle of equality.

3. Reduction of inequality and poverty : Equality before law is the principal outcome of democracy

4. Accommodation of social diversity : Democracy is a binding force that facilitates people of all religions, races, caste or creed. Hence it accommodates social diversity.

5. Dignity and freedom of the citizens: Democracy secures multiple rights of the individual to keep his dignity and freedom intact.




23.Following are the functions of political parties in a democracy:

1.Political parties contest elections:
Political parties in most of the democracy is contest elections by putting up the candidates in the political Arena. They select their candidates in one way or the other but in our country central leadership select them on one basis or the other.


2. Put forward policies and programmes:

Political parties make some policies and programmes for the Welfare of the people and voters choose those parties whose policies they like the most. In a democracy people have different opinions but they are grouped together to provide one direction in which policies could be formulated by the government.

3. Making laws: political parties who are in power make laws for the country. Actually laws are made by the legislature but the party which is in power get direction on that issue from Central leadership to make any particular law.

4. Political parties make and run a government:
The party which wins the majority gets the chance to make the government .It makes the government and runs the government according to the policies and ideology of a political party.

5. Making public opinion: Political parties raise those issues in public that the government is unable to handle. Thus they make public opinion in their favour and against the government . Parties even launch movements to highlight the problems of the people.


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Answer 2

22)

1. People's perceptions :-
This is the most important factor that decides the outcome of politics of social division. if the people see their identities in singular and exclusive terms then it will lead to social division and violence.

2. Raising the demands by political leaders:-
The outcome of politics also depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community. it is easier to accommodate demands that are within the Constitutional framework.
3. Reaction of government :-
The outcome of politics of social division also depend on reaction of government. that how the government reacts to the demand of different groups.

23)

1 Parties contest election in most democracies , election are fought mainly among the candidates put up by political parties
2 It makes rule for country
3 Parties form run government by making policy decisions
4 Those parties that lose election play the role of opposition to parties in power by voicing different views 
5 It provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes

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