Question

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Answer 1

$\mathtt{\huge{\underline{\red{Answer :-}}}}$

The importance of making Alloy is to :-

• To increase hardness :- When carbon is added to iron, its hardness increases. This hardened iron is called steel.

• To increase tensile strength :- Chrome steel prepared by mixing iron and chromium has high tensile strength and is used for making axles, ball bearings etc.

• To increase resistance to corrosion :- Stainless steel which is an alloy of iron resist corrosion.

• To lower the melting point :- Solder, an alloy of has a lower melting point which resists corosion & join electrical wires together.

• To modify chemical reactivity :- The reactivity reduce making its alloy with mercury., ie, amalgam.

• To reduce electrical conductivity :- The electrical conductivity of an alloy is less than that of metals.

• To produce good casting :- An alloy is having good casting properties & used for making printing.

• To modify colour :- It is used for making photo frames and cheap jewellery.

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Prepration :-

It is made by melting main metal dissolving in liquid solution of other metal in definite propotion as a hetrogeneous form to be stable at room temprature.

eg :- Steel :-

• Iron = 99.95%

• Carbon = 0.05%

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Answer 2

Purpose of Making Alloys

Pure metals possess few important physical and metallic properties, such as melting point, boiling point, density, specific gravity, high malleability, ductility, and heat and electrical conductivity. These properties can be modified and enhanced by alloying it with some other metal or nonmetal, according to the need.

Alloys are made to:

Enhance the hardness of a metal: An alloy is harder than its components. Pure metals are generally soft. The hardness of a metal can be enhanced by alloying it with another metal or nonmetal.

Lower the melting point: Pure metals have a high melting point. The melting point lowers when pure metals are alloyed with other metals or nonmetals. This makes the metals easily fusible. This property is utilized to make useful alloys called solders.

Enhance tensile strength: Alloy formation increases the tensile strength of the parent metal.

Enhance corrosion resistance: Alloys are more resistant to corrosion than pure metals. Metals in pure form are chemically reactive and can be easily corroded by the surrounding atmospheric gases and moisture. Alloying a metal increases the inertness of the metal, which, in turn, increases corrosion resistance.

Modify color: The color of pure metal can be modified by alloying it with other metals or nonmetals containing suitable color pigments.

Provide better castability: One of the most essential requirements of getting good castings is the expansion of the metal on solidification. Pure molten metals undergo contraction on solidification. Metals need to be alloyed to obtain good castings because alloys expand...

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