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15. Examples of natural ecosystem are:
i. Forest
ii.Pond
16.Items that are generally thrown by us are :
i.plastic bottles
ii.broken glass jars
(OR)
i. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Out of these 23 pairs, 22 pairs are Autosomes and only one pair is the ‘Sex Chromosome’, which actively takes part in the process of sex determination.
ii. Both males and females carry two sets of sex chromosome.
iii.Male has one X and one Y (XY) sex chromosome in which both are active
iv.Female has both X (XX) sex chromosome in which one is active.
v. The XY sex-determination system is found in humans, mammals, in some insects, and in few plant species.
vi. All children will inherit an X chromosome from their mother despite whether they are boy or girl. Thus, the sex of the children will be determined by the type of chromosome inherited from their father.
vii.A child who inherits Y chromosome will be a boy and who inherits X chromosome will be a girl.
17. Energy conversion in hydro power plant:
potential energy of water to kinetic energy of water to mechanical energy to electric energy
18. Properties of ionic compound:
i. It is formed between metal and non metal.
ii. They conduct electricity in aqueous solution.
iii. They have high boiling and melting points because of their strong attraction between ions.
19. a. Aluminium wires and copper wires are usually used in electric transmission because they are good conductors of electricity and they have low resistances so the loss of power during transmission is low.
b. Series arrangement are not used in domestic circuits because the total resistance is added up, if one device is at fault then other device will not work and voltage will be different but current will be same.
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