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a) 2, 1 ( lithium ) , 2, 8, 1 ( sodium ) , 2, 8, 3 (aluminum ), 2, 8, 8, 2 ( calcium ), 2, 8, 2 ( magnesium )
c) properties :
- They form crystals. Ionic compounds form crystal lattices rather than amorphous solids.
- They have higher enthalpies of fusion and vaporization than molecular compounds.
- They are hard.
- They are brittle.
- They have high melting points and also high boiling points.
- They conduct electricity but only when they are dissolved in water.
d) iii) ionic compounds are formed by sharing of electrons
e) The ionic compounds are usually hard because the ions are held by strong electrostatic force of attraction as the positive and negative ions are strongly attracted to each other and difficult to separate them apart.
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