please describe the structure of nucles H+ & H_ ion in bengali
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
In chemistry, a hydron is the general name for a cationic form of atomic hydrogen, represented with the symbol H+
. However, this term is avoided and instead "proton" is used, which strictly speaking refers to the cation of protium, the most common isotope of hydrogen. The term "hydron" includes cations of hydrogen regardless of their isotopic composition: thus it refers collectively to protons (1H+) for the protium isotope, deuterons (2H+ or D+) for the deuterium isotope, and tritons (3H+ or T+) for the tritium isotope. Unlike most other ions, the hydron consists only of a bare atomic nucleus.
The negatively charged counterpart of the hydron is the hydride anion, H−
.
Solute properties
Hydron compounds are hydrophilic (ionic) solutes. While displaying a preference for solvents with high relative static permittivity (dielectric constants), they dissolve not only in polar compounds, but also in nonpolar compounds.
The hydron (a completely free or "naked" hydrogen atomic nucleus) is too reactive to occur in many liquids, even though it is sometimes visualized to do so by students of chemistry. A free hydron would react with a molecule of the liquid to form a more complicated cation. Examples are the hydronium ion in water-based acids, and H
2F+
, the unstable cation of fluoroantimonic acid, the strongest superacid. For this reason, in such liquids including liquid acids, hydrons diffuse by contact from one complex cation to another, via the Grotthuss mechanism.[2]
Acidity
The hydron ion can incorporate an electron pair from a Lewis base into the molecule by adduction:
[H]+
+ :L → [HL]+
Because of this capture of the Lewis base (L), the hydron ion has Lewis acidic character. The hydron ion is a strong Lewis acid, able to capture one Lewis base.
The hydrated form of the hydrogen cation, the hydronium (hydroxonium) ion H
3O+
(aq), is a key object of Arrhenius' definition of acid. Other hydrated forms, the Zundel cation H
5O+
2, which is formed from a proton and two water molecules, and the Eigen cation H
9O+
4, a hydronium ion and three water molecules, play an important role in "hydron hopping" according to the Grotthuss mechanism[clarification needed]. The hydron itself is crucial in more general Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, which extends the concept of acid–base chemistry beyond aqueous solutions.
Isotopes of hydron
Hydron.svg
Proton, having the symbol p or 1H+, is the +1 ion of protium, 1H.
Deuteron, having the symbol 2H+ or D+, is the +1 ion of deuterium, 2H or D.
Triton, having the symbol 3H+ or T+, is the +1 ion of tritium, 3H or T.
Other isotopes of hydrogen are too unstable to be relevant in chemistry.