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B. R. Ambedkar
"Bhim Rao Ambedkar" redirects here. For the 21st-century politician, see Bhim Rao Ambedkar (politician).
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly known as Babasaheb, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against social discrimination towards Untouchables (Dalits), while also supporting the rights of women and labour.[3][4] He was Independent India's first law minister, the principal architect of the Constitution of India and a founding father of the Republic of India.[5][6][7][8][9]
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
BR
Ambedkar as a young man
1st Minister of Law and Justice
In office
15 August 1947 – September 1951
Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru
Preceded by
Position established
Succeeded by
Charu Chandra Biswas
Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee
In office
29 August 1947 – 24 January 1950
Labour Member, Viceroy's Executive Council
In office
1942–1946
Preceded by
Feroz Khan Noon
Personal details
Born
14 April 1891
Mhow, Central Provinces, British India
(now in Madhya Pradesh, India)
Died
6 December 1956 (aged 65)
Delhi, India
Political party
Scheduled Castes Federation
Other political
affiliations
Independent Labour Party, Republican Party of India
Spouse(s)
Ramabai
(m. 1906; d. 1935)[1]
Savita Ambedkar (m. 1948)[2]
Alma mater
University of Mumbai
Columbia University (Ph.D.)
London School of Economics (Ph.D.)
Profession
Jurist, economist, politician, social reformer
Awards
Bharat Ratna (posthumously in 1990)
Signature
Ambedkar was a prolific student, earning doctorates in economics from both Columbia University and the London School of Economics, and gained a reputation as a scholar for his research in law, economics and political science.[10] In his early career he was an economist, professor, and lawyer. His later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India's independence, publishing journals, advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India. In 1956 he converted to Buddhism, initiating mass conversions of Dalits.[11]
In 1990, the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred upon Ambedkar. Ambedkar's legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions in popular culture.