Question

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Answer 1

Antibiotic resistance genes are typically used in vectors-

Plasmids-autonomously replicating extrachromosomal circular DNA in bacterial cells

Bacteriophage(to a much lesser extent)-vectors derived from bacteriophage lambda

cosmids-extrachromosomal circular element that combines the features of plasmids and bacteriophage lambda vectors.

and finally,Bacterial Artificial chromosomes(the so called BAC vectors)-constructed using bacterial F plasmid,so that it can hold one copy per cell.

Example :Beta-lactamase which confers ampicillin resistance to bacterial hosts.