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STRUCTURE OF A CYCLONE INFORMATION
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Answer:
The main parts of a tropical cyclone are the rainbands, the eye, and the eyewall. Air spirals in toward the center in a counter-clockwise pattern in the northern hemisphere (clockwise in the southern hemisphere), and out the top in the opposite direction.
In the very center of the storm, air sinks, forming an "eye" that is mostly cloud-free.
Explanation:
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Answer:
The Eye
The hurricane's center is a relatively calm, generally clear area of sinking air and light winds that usually do not exceed 15 mph (24 km/h) and is typically 20-40 miles (32-64 km) across. An eye will usually develop when the maximum sustained wind speeds go above 74 mph (119 km/h) and is the calmest part of the storm.
But why does an eye form? The cause of eye formation is still not fully understood. It probably has to do with the combination of "the conservation of angular momentum" and centrifugal force. The conservation of angular momentum means is objects will spin faster as they move toward the center of circulation. So, air increases it speed as it heads toward the center of the tropical cyclone.
One way of looking at this is watching figure skaters spin. The closer they hold their hands to the body, the faster they spin. Conversely, the farther the hands are from the body the slower they spin. In tropical cyclone, as the air moves toward the center, the speed must increase.
However, as the speed increases, an outward-directed force, called the centrifugal force, occurs because the wind's momentum wants to carry the wind in a straight line. Since the wind is turning about the center of the tropical cyclone, there is a pull outward. The sharper the curvature, and/or the faster the rotation, the stronger is the centrifugal force.
Around 74 mph (119 km/h) the strong rotation of air around the cyclone balances inflow to the center, causing air to ascend about 10-20 miles (16-32 km) from the center forming the eyewall. This strong rotation also creates a vacuum of air at the center, causing some of the air flowing out the top of the eyewall to turn inward and sink to replace the loss of air mass near the center.
This sinking air suppresses cloud formation, creating a pocket of generally clear air in the center. People experiencing an eye passage at night often see stars.
Trapped birds are sometimes seen circling in the eye, and ships trapped in a hurricane report hundreds of exhausted birds resting on their decks. The landfall of Hurricane Gloria (1985) on southern New England was accompanied by thousands of birds in the eye.
The sudden change of very strong winds to a near calm state is a dangerous situation for people ignorant about a hurricane's structure.
Some people experiencing light wind and fair weather of an eye may think the hurricane has passed. Actually, the storm is only half over with dangerous eyewall winds returning shortly, this time from the opposite direction.
Explanation:
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