Question

please help me to solve this
i can't understand method to solve this in book

Answer 1

$\frac{x}{x + 1} \times \frac{x {}^{2} - 1 }{x {}^{2} } \\ \\ \frac{x}{x + 1} \times \frac{( x + 1)(x - 1)}{x {}^{2} } \\ 1 \times \frac{x - 1}{x } \\ \frac{x - 1}{x}$

Answer 2

I am not sure. This might not be right .