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Answer 1

Question 1.

a. Tissue is a cellular organisational level between cells and a complete organ. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that carry out a specific function.

b. A group of tissues in a living organism that have been adapted to perform a specific function.

c. A plant tissue that has completed its growth and differentiation and is usually incapable of meristematic activity.

Question 2.

a. Muscle tissue

b. Xylem tissue

c. Connective tissue

d. Loose and dense Connective tissue

e. The protein inside RBCs that carries oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide to lungs.

Question 3.

XYLEM :

It takes the water from root system to leaves.

PHLOEM:

It takes food from source (being the area of photosynthesis or storage) to all other parts of plants.

Question 4.

Answer: 1 - A neuron is a very specialised cell that forms the basis of the nervous system. It is also referred to as nerve cells. It transmits signals throughout the body.

Structure - Neurons has long extensions that extend out from the cell body called dendrites and axons. Dendrites are extensions of neurons that receive signals and conduct them towards the cell body.

Answer: 2 - Apical meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth of height in plants. It is found on the top of shoot and roots in plants.

Question 5.

a. The main functions of the respiratory system are to obtain oxygen from the external environment and supply it to the cells and to remove from the body the carbon dioxide produced by the cellular metabolism.

b. The excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis.

c. It coordinates movements of the body parts. The primary vital function of the nervous system is to receive information and to generate a response to a given stimulus.

Question 6.

a. Vascular tissue

b. Thick

c. Collenchyma

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Answer 2

Answer:

Q.I.a. Tissues are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function. The word tissue comes from a form of an old French verb meaning “to weave”. There are four different types of tissues in animals: connective, muscle, nervous, and epithelial.  

b. Organ, a group of tissues in a living organism that have been adapted to perform a specific function. In higher animals, organs are grouped into organ systems; e.g., the esophagus, stomach, and liver are organs of the digestive system.

c.  The permanent tissues in a plant are those tissues that contain non dividing cells. The cells are also modified to perform specific functions in the plants. The cells of the permanent tissue are derived from the meristematic tissue.

Q.II.a. Muscle Tissue.

b. Xylem Tissue.

c. Animal Tissue.

d. Connective Tissue.

e. Red blood cells or Erythrocytes.

Q.III. Differences between two principal vascular tissues in the plant:

Xylem and Phloem are the two vascular tissues found in the plant. There are some basic differences present between the two vascular tissues.  

Xylem

•  Xylem is responsible to transport the mineral and water to the different parts of the body from the root.  

• Xylem is a dead tissue when it is matured and it has no cell contents.  

• The fibers of the xylem tissues are smaller.  

Phloem

• Phloem is responsible to transport foods which are prepared by the plants to the various parts of the plants.  

• Phloem is a living tissue but does not have a nucleus.  

• The fibers of the Phloem tissues are larger.

Q.IV.a.  Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that transmit signals throughout the body. Neurons have long extensions that extend out from the cell body called dendrites and axons. Dendrites are extensions of neurons.

b. The apical meristematic tissue helps in growth of height in plants.

It is found on the tips of shoot and roots in plants. Apical meristematic  induces the growth of plants. The cells present in the apical meristematic divide rapidly and brings about an increase in the height of the plant. that receive signals and conduct them toward the cell body.

Q.V.a. The primary vital functions of the respiratory system are to obtain oxygen from the external environment and supply it to the cells and to remove from the body the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism.

b. The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis. There are several parts of the body that are involved in this process, such as sweat glands, the liver, the lungs and the kidney system. Every human has two kidneys.

c. The nervous system has three main functions: To collect sensory input from the body and external environment. To process and interpret the sensory input. To respond appropriately to the sensory input.

Q.VI.a. Conducting tissue is also called Vascular tissue.

b. Parenchyma is composed of large thin-walled cells.

c. Cells are elongated and thick at the corners in Collenchyma tissue.

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