please write the eassy on Ozone layer depletion and protection of 250 to 300 wrds
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Radiation from the sun includes ultra-violet (UV) radiation, along with the visible light. On penetrating the atmosphere and being absorbed by biological tissues, UV radiation damages protein and DNA molecules at the surface of all living things. This is what occurs when you get a sunburn. If the full amount of UV radiation falling on the stratosphere reached the Earth’s surface, it is doubtful that any life would survive. We are spared from the more damaging effects of the UV rays because most of the UV radiation (over 99%) is absorbed by ozone in the upper stratosphere. For this reason, stratospheric ozone is commonly referred to as the Ozone Shield or the Ozone Layer.
Ozone depletion refers to two related atmospheric events of significance, observed since the late 1970s. The first is the steady decline of total volume of ozone in stratosphere at the rate of 4% per decade. The second is a larger decrease in ozone over the polar regions, which is known as ozone hole.
In the autumn of 1985, some British atmospheric scientists working in Antarctica reported a gaping ‘hole’ (actually, a thinning of one area) in the stratospheric ozone layer of the South Pole. There is an area equal to the size of the United States, where ozone levels were 50% lower than normal. Scientists had assumed that the loss of ozone, if it occurred, would be slow, gradual and uniform over the whole planet. The ‘hole’ came as a surprise, and if it had occurred anywhere but over the South Pole, the UV damage would have been extensive.
News of the ozone ‘hole’ stimulated, enormous research effort. A unique set of conditions were found to be responsible for the ozone ‘hole’. In summer, gases such as nitrogen oxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine to trap the chlorine, forming so-called chlorine reservoirs, preventing much ozone depletion.
High above the Earth is the stratosphere where a small number of ozone molecules shield all life from harmful ultra-violet radiation. Ozone, an unstable form of oxygen containing 3 oxygen atoms (O3), falls apart into an oxygen atom (O) and an oxygen molecule (O2) when it absorbs ultra-violet radiation. However, a fresh supply of ozone forms continually in the stratosphere, producing a delicate chemical balance in which a layer of less than 4.5 trillion kg of ozone, blankets the planet. That balance is threatened by chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs, such as the fluoro carbon-11. They decompose and release chlorine atom, which cause ozone to break down. The difference is that each chlorine atom destroys as many as 100,000 ozone molecules faster than nature can replenish them. As a result, the ozone layer is thinning, forming a hole that lets damaging ultra-violet radiations reach the Earth.
The maximum decrease in ozone has occurred in the lower stratosphere. However, ozone hole is not measured in terms of concentrations of ozone. It is quantified by the reduction in total column ozone
Hope this helps you
Ozone depletion refers to two related atmospheric events of significance, observed since the late 1970s. The first is the steady decline of total volume of ozone in stratosphere at the rate of 4% per decade. The second is a larger decrease in ozone over the polar regions, which is known as ozone hole.
In the autumn of 1985, some British atmospheric scientists working in Antarctica reported a gaping ‘hole’ (actually, a thinning of one area) in the stratospheric ozone layer of the South Pole. There is an area equal to the size of the United States, where ozone levels were 50% lower than normal. Scientists had assumed that the loss of ozone, if it occurred, would be slow, gradual and uniform over the whole planet. The ‘hole’ came as a surprise, and if it had occurred anywhere but over the South Pole, the UV damage would have been extensive.
News of the ozone ‘hole’ stimulated, enormous research effort. A unique set of conditions were found to be responsible for the ozone ‘hole’. In summer, gases such as nitrogen oxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine to trap the chlorine, forming so-called chlorine reservoirs, preventing much ozone depletion.
High above the Earth is the stratosphere where a small number of ozone molecules shield all life from harmful ultra-violet radiation. Ozone, an unstable form of oxygen containing 3 oxygen atoms (O3), falls apart into an oxygen atom (O) and an oxygen molecule (O2) when it absorbs ultra-violet radiation. However, a fresh supply of ozone forms continually in the stratosphere, producing a delicate chemical balance in which a layer of less than 4.5 trillion kg of ozone, blankets the planet. That balance is threatened by chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs, such as the fluoro carbon-11. They decompose and release chlorine atom, which cause ozone to break down. The difference is that each chlorine atom destroys as many as 100,000 ozone molecules faster than nature can replenish them. As a result, the ozone layer is thinning, forming a hole that lets damaging ultra-violet radiations reach the Earth.
The maximum decrease in ozone has occurred in the lower stratosphere. However, ozone hole is not measured in terms of concentrations of ozone. It is quantified by the reduction in total column ozone
Hope this helps you
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