Question

Pls tell my guys about Galapagos island....​

Answer 1

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$\huge\star{\green{\underline{\mathfrak{Galápagos \:Islands }}}}$

The Galápagos Islands is a volcanic archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. It's considered one of the world's foremost destinations for wildlife-viewing. A province of Ecuador, it lies about 1,000km off its coast. Its isolated terrain shelters a diversity of plant and animal species, many found nowhere else. Charles Darwin visited in 1835, and his observation of Galápagos' species later inspired his theory of evolution.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Gálapagos Islands and Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

K R Shivanna

K R Shivanna after retiring

from the Department of

Botany, University of Delhi,

has been associated with

Ashoka Trust for Research in

Ecology and the

Environment, Bengaluru as

INSA Honorary Scientist. His

major interests are the

structural and functional

aspects of reproductive

biology of flowering plants.

The Gálapagos Islands are closely associated with Darwin’s

name because the animals and plants living on these islands

provided clues to Darwin to formulate his theory of evolution

by means of natural selection. Gálapagos is a group of 19 vol-

canic, Pacific islands on the equator, about 1000 km west of

Ecuador of South America. Being volcanic, there was no life

on them when they were formed; all organisms presently liv-

ing on the islands are the descendants of those that came from

the South American mainland. Darwin visited these islands

in 1835 during his voyage around the world in HMS Beagle

and stayed for five weeks, studying and collecting plants, ani-

mals, and rock samples from the islands. His detailed studies

of the collections upon his return to London, particularly on

tortoises, mockingbirds, and finches, revealed that all these

species living on the Gálapagos were endemic to the island

and did not occur anywhere else in the world, but all of them

closely resembled the species present on the South Ameri-

can mainland. This realization made him speculate that the

Gálapagos inhabitants, after they arrived from the mainland,

evolved into different species over the years, shaped by the en-

vironment of the islands. He visualized evolutionary changes

as a result of the competition amongst individuals under chan-

ged environmental conditions, which acted as a selective agent.

Under such selection, those individuals possessing favorable

variations survived and reproduced, passing on their varia- Keywords

Competition, endemic plants and

animals, finches, heritable varia-

tions, mockingbirds, natural selec-

tion, tortoises.

tions to their offspring, and those without them were elimi-

nated. Over the years, the concept of evolution has become

one of the most important, powerful and unifying concepts in

biology.