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Q. what are mendel's laws of inheritance and dominance and independent assortment??
Answers
Mendel's Law of Segregation states individuals possess two alleles and a parent passes only one allele to his/her offspring. Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states the inheritance of one pair of factors ( genes ) is independent of the inheritance of the other pair.
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Explanation:
Gregor Johann Mendel was a scientist who is recognized as the Father and Founder of genetics. Mendel conducted many experiments on the pea plant (Pisum sativum) between 1856 and 1863. He studied the results of the experiments and deducted many observations. Thus, laws of inheritance or Mendel’s laws of inheritance came into existence. Before learning about Mendel’s laws of inheritance, it is important to understand what the experiments performed by Mendel were.
Mendel’s Experiments on Pea Plant
Mendel after carefully study selected the pea plant for many reasons:
The pea plants were easy to grow and maintain
It has many clearly distinct and contrasting characters.
The pea plant is an annual plant and so many generations of the plant can be studied in a short period of time.
Peas are naturally self-pollinating but can also be.......
Mendel structured his experiments in a way that he would observe one pair of contrasting characters at one time. He began his experiments using purebred lines for contrasting characters.
He cross-pollinated two pure lines for contrasting characters and the resultant offsprings were called F1 generation(also called the first filial generation). The F1 generations were then self-pollinated which gave rise to the F2 generation of second filial generation.