point out the activities of Rajaram mohan roy as a social reformer
Answers
Answer:
Social reforms:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy conceived reformist religious associations as instruments of social and political transformation. He founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1815, the Calcutta Unitarian Association in 1821, and the Brahmo Sabha in 1828 which later became the Brahmo Samaj.Aug 17, 2020
Founded: Atmiya Sabha
Born: 22 May 1772
Answer:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great social reformer. He modernized Indian society in many ways.
His reforms have been discussed below:
Abolition of Sati:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy raised his voice against the Sati system. In the funeral pyre of the deceased husband, his wife was mercilessly thrown if she did not enter into the flame voluntarily. She was termed as Sati. The Brahmins and other higher castes in the society encouraged it.
Ram Mohan protested it vehemently. Even he went to England to give witness before the Privy Council against this cruel practice where the orthodox Indians had appealed hot to repeal his system. His efforts bore fruits and this practice was stopped by an Act passed in 1829 during Lord William Bentinck. Thus, a long prevailing ugly practice of the Hindus was uprooted.
Voice against idolatry:
Ram Mohan raised his voice against idolatry. In his book Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhidin’ he championed the cause of Monotheism. He criticized idol-worship by the Hindus. He also opposed the principle of Trinitariasm’ (God, Son Jesus and the holy spirit) of the Christianity. He rejected polytheism, idol-worship and rituals of different religions. He advocated monotheism or unity among gods. He also advised people to be guided by the conscience. He inspired men to cultivate rationality. To all he appealed to observe the principle of unity of God.
In his words—
“I travelled in the remotest parts of the world. And I found the inhabitants there of agreeing generally in believing in the existence of one being who is the source of creation and the Governor of it.”
Further, he formed ‘Atmiya Sabha’ to carry on discussions among scholars on religion and philosophy. When the Christian missionaries criticized him, he silenced them by writing a pamphlet- ‘An appeal to the Christian public in defence of the precepts of Jesus’.
Champion of Women Liberty:
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Raja Ram Mohan Roy advocated the liberty of Women. He was determined to give women her proper place in the society. Besides abolishing Sati, he advocated in favor of widow remarriage. He also told that like the sons, daughters have also their right over parental property. He also influenced the British government to bring necessary modification in the existing law. He raised voice against child-marriage and polygamy. He was the advocate of women education. Thus, he advocated women’s liberty out and out and awakened them.
Opposition to Caste System:
The caste system was a very ugly practice prevailing in Indian society right from the later Vedic age. Indian society was fragmented by the name of different castes. The higher castes like Brahmins and Kshatriyas looked down upon the Sudras, Chandalas and other aboriginals. Ram Mohan opposed this ugly system of the Indian society. To him everybody was a son or daughter of the God. So, there is no difference among men.
There should not exist hatred and animosity among them. Everybody is equal before God. Thus, ignoring differences among themselves they should embrace each other ignoring differences. Then, the true purpose of God will be materialized. By advocating this equality among men. Ram Mohan became the eyesore of many higher caste Indians.
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Advocate of Western Education:
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great scholar having sharp intellect in the Vedas, Upanishads, Quran, Bible and several other holy scriptures. He very well realized the importance of English language. He could visualize the need of a scientific, rational and progressive education for the Indians.
During his time, when controversy was going on between the orientalists and occident lists, he sided with the latter and advocated in favour of the introduction of the English system of education. He liked Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Botany, Philosophy. At the same time he also desired that the Indian Vedic studies and philosophical systems were to be studied and analyzed properly.
He supported the move of Lord Macaulay and championed the cause of the English system of education in India. His motto was to take Indians the path of progress. He established English school in 1816 and Vedanta College in 1825. He wanted to introduce modem system of education. Of course, he could not live to see the introduction of English system of education in India in 1835. However, his efforts and dreams were materialized into reality even after his death.
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