Question

point out the main reason behind the success of Turk's in india

Answer 1

The causes of historical change, according to Ibn-e-Khaldun, are endogenous, though at timesthere might be some exogenous factors as well. In the case of Turkish victory over Indian armies, both internal and external factors had worked in the favor of Turks and consequently led to theformation of Delhi Sultanate.Endogenous factors that had helped the Turks in defeating Indian armies: Political division of  Northern India:After the fall of Gupta Empire the northern Indian states were engaged in a constant state of war against each others, except for the comparatively peaceful interlude of Harsha Empire, in thetime of emperor Harshavardhana (606-648). He had consolidated almost the whole northernIndia with the help of army strong enough even to challenge the kingdoms of southern Deccan.But his death, with no heir, refreshed the dynastic wars that led to exhaustion of Indian armiesagainst the foreign invasion. It was in the wake of such political and military weakness that theArabs got successful penetration into India, in 712. The Arabs had tried earlier too, but wererepelled back, because of strong indigenous resistance. After the initial Muslim conquest,internal divisions weakened Muslim rule and allowed some Hindu reconquests.Again at the end of 10thcentury, the Mahmud of Ghazna invaded India. Later, the third wave of invasion was initiated by Mohammad Ghuri by defeating Pritvi Raj Chouhan at the Battle of tarrain in 1192. At that time the Gurjar-Praitiharas ,Palas and Rashtrakutas were in a state of war against each other. This political disintegration of northern states of India helped the strongdisciplined Turkish armies to defeat the larger indiscipline, disunited and exhaustive Indianarmies.In the light of I bn e khaldun’s theory of rise and fall of dynasties and civilizations, the Asabiyyaor group feeling or solidarity is the main factor of rise and fall. The strong group feeling lead tosuccess, solidarity and progress of the group while the weak Asabiyya led to the dynastic wars, based on selfish interest of each rival state.

Answer 2

The main point was that our indians lacked the unity amongst themselves