Question

Positive and nagative inpact of population growth on economic development of india

Answer 1

That rapid population growth causes increase in poverty can also be known from its effect on agriculture. Increase in population raises population pressure on arable land and reduces land-man ratio which causes lower productivity per person and leads to disguised unemployment and poverty. Not only that, rapid growth in farming population in India led to subdivision and fragmentation of land holdings which renders cultivation on tiny land-holdings unviable.

Not able to meet their basic needs with cultivation of tiny land holdings, many cultivators sell their land and join the ranks of landless agricultural labourers. As a result, as is seen from Fig. 12.1, in India the ratio of cultivators in agriculture has been falling and that of agricultural labour has been increasing. According to Population Census of 2011, even the absolute number of cultivators in agriculture declined in 2011. Due to the increase in agricultural labour, many of them do not find work in agriculture for a good part of the year and therefore remain unemployed.

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Answer 2

Answer:

1. Population growth has positive effects on societies. These include economic benefits such as expansion of tax bases and increased consumer spending at local businesses, as well as innovations by cultures seeking to keep up with growing populations.

2. Fast growth can create negative externalities

e.g. noise pollution and lower air quality

arising from air pollution and road congestion.

Increased consumption of de-merit goods which

damaged social welfare

Therefore, Positive and negative impact of population growth on economic development of india

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