positive effects of COVID -19 on our nature
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The worldwide disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in numerous impacts on the environment and the climate. The considerable decline in planned travel has caused many regions to experience a large drop in air pollution. In China, lockdowns and other measures resulted in a 25 per cent reduction in carbon emissions and 50 per cent reduction in nitrogen oxides emissions, which one Earth systems scientist estimated may have saved at least 77,000 lives over two months. Other positive impacts on the environment include governance-system-controlled investments towards a sustainable energy transition and other goals related to environmental protection such as the European Union's seven-year €1 trillion budget proposal and €750 billion recovery plan "Next Generation EU" which seeks to reserve 25% of EU spending for climate-friendly expenditure.
However, the outbreak has also provided cover for illegal activities such as deforestation of the Amazon rainforest and poaching in Africa, hindered environmental diplomacy efforts, and created economic fallout that some predict will slow investment in green energy technologies.
Coronavirus continues to sweep across the world, bringing pretty much everything to a halt in many countries, as residents are quarantined or decide to self-isolate to avoid spreading the virus, and most large-scale events are postponed or shut down altogether. However, there may be a silver lining when it comes to the environment.
Imagery shared by NASA shows a steep decline in nitrogen dioxide levels – which mainly stem from the burning of fossil fuels for traffic and industry – across China, which the agency partly attributes to measures taken to stop the spread of the virus. The time of year often sees a fall in emissions anyway, but less extreme.
In fact, according to “conservative estimates” shared by Marshall Burke, a scientist from Stanford University, the reduction “likely has saved the lives of 4,000 kids under five and 73,000 adults over 70 in China,” though he also admits that “it seems clearly incorrect and foolhardy to conclude that pandemics are good for health”.
“The effects calculated above are just the health benefits of the air pollution changes, and do not account for the many other short- or long-term negative consequences of social and economic disruption on health or other outcomes; these harms could exceed any health benefits from reduced air pollution.”
There is also a fear that future accelerations in industry as an attempt to recover from the economic impact of coronavirus could put us right back where we started.
However, the visible effects of coronavirus (and the related decrease in emissions) on the environment definitely serve as a motivator for future change.
Burke adds: “The calculation is perhaps a useful reminder of the often-hidden health consequences of the status quo, i.e. the substantial costs that our current way of doing things exacts on our health and livelihoods.”
Similar reductions in air pollution have been recorded in Italy (and particularly northern Italy), which has been a centre for the spread of the virus, with residents on complete lockdown.