postulates of warners theory
Answers
THEORY:
To describe the structure and formation of complex compounds or coordination compounds.
POSTULATES:
- The central metal or the metal atoms in coordination compounds show two types of valency, Secondary and primary.
- The secondary valency relates to the oxidation state.
- The primary valency relates to the co-ordinate number.
- The metal atom works towards both satisfying secondary and primary valency.
- The secondary valencies point towards a fixed position in space. This is teh reason behind geometrical shape of coordinate compounds.
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Answer:
Explanation:
In 1823, Werner put forth a theory to describe the structure and formation of complex compounds or coordination compounds which won him the Nobel prize as well as the title of “father of coordination chemistry”.
The postulates involved in this theory are:-
1) The central metal or the metal atoms in the coordination show two types of valences primary and secondary valency.
2) The primary valency relates to the oxidation state and the secondary valency relates to the coordinate number.
3) The number of secondary valences is fixed for every metal atom. It means that the coordination number is fixed.
4) The metal atom works towards satisfying both its primary and secondary valences. A negative ion satisfies the primary valency. On the other hand, a negative ion or neutral molecules satisfy secondary valences.
5) The secondary valences point towards a fixed position in space. This is the reason behind the definite geometry of the coordinate compound. For example, let us consider the case of a metal ion having six secondary valences.
These arrange octahedrally around the central metal ion. If the metal ion has four secondary valences, these arrange in either tetrahedral or square planar arrangement around the central metal ion. Therefore, we see that the secondary valency determines the stereochemistry of the complexion. On the other hand, the primary valency is non-directional.