Question

Preparation of salts :sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, washing soda, plaster of Paris, baking powder

Answer 1

Answer:

• plaster of Paris =

The chemical formula of plaster of Paris is CaSO 4.1/2H 2O. Plaster of Paris is prepared by heating gypsum (CaSO 4.2H 2O) to a temperature of 373 K in a kiln.

• sodium hydroxide = produced by electrolysis of a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride(which is called brine solution)

When electricity is passed through a concentrated solution of sodium chloride, it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide, chlorine and hydrogen.

• bleaching powder = Bleaching powder is prepared on a large scale basis by passing chlorine gas through a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) which is commonly called as slaked lime. The reaction that occurs is Ca(OH)2+Cl2(g)→CaOCl2+H2O.
• baking powder = Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

Explanation:

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