process of gene cloning with clear lvel diagrams
Answers
Cell required for cloning is an egg cell, which is collected from a female of the same species (known as the “egg donor”). In the lab, a scientist extracts and discards the nucleus of the egg cell, which is the part of the cell that contains the egg donor’s genes. One then inserts the somatic cell from the genetic donor into the egg and “fuses” the two with electricity. Consequently fused egg contains the genetic donor’s DNA.
The scientific simulation of the fused egg, “activates” the egg and causes it to divide just as an egg would, if it had been fertilized by a sperm cell in conventional reproduction. The activated egg is then placed in a culture medium. As cellular division continues over the course of several days, a blastocyst (early- stage embryo) forms.
The major steps involved in cloning a gene are:
(i) Preparation of carrier DNA (vector DNA).
ii) Isolation of the desired gene.
(iii) Insertion of the isolated gene into the vector which results in the rDNA.
(iv) Transformation of rDNA into a suitable host.
(v) Expression of rDNA that is cloned gene.