Question

production of interferon by recombinate dna technology

Answer 1

As i told earlier it was very effective

Answer 2

The pharmaceutical products of recombinant DNA technology are broadly divided into the following three categories :

1. Human protein replacements.

2. Therapeutic agents for human diseases.

3.vaccine


Type # 1. Human Protein Replacements:

The synthesis of the cellular proteins is ultimately under the control of genes. Any defect in a gene produces an incorrect protein or no protein at all. Sometimes, the occurrence of a defective (i.e. functionally ineffective) or deficient protein may cause a disease. Thus, gene defects will result in inherited or genetically linked diseases.

Identification of defective or deficient proteins in the causation of inherited diseases is very important. The recombinant DNA technology can be fruitfully employed to produce human proteins that can be used for the treatment of genetically linked diseases. This is referred to as human protein replacement strategy in biotechnology.

Human Growth Hormone:

Growth hormone is produced by the pituitary gland. It regulates the growth and development. Growth hormone stimulates overall body growth by increasing the cellular uptake of amino acids, and protein synthesis, and promoting the use of fat as body fuel.

Insufficient human growth hormone (hGH) in young children results in retarded growth, clinically referred to as pituitary dwarfism. The child usually is less than four feet in height, and has chubby face and abundant fat around the waist.

Therapeutic Proteins (Muteins):

By employing site-directed mutagenesis, the amino acid sequence of a recombinant protein can be suitably modified as desired, by a technique referred to as protein engineering. The mutated proteins are collectively referred to as muteins.

Protein engineering is a rational approach to modify a protein with regard to its stability, solubility, specificity, substrate affinity, pharmacokinetics etc. The muteins obtained by protein engineering technique are considered as Second generation of therapeutic proteins. Selected examples of such proteins (e.g. insulin lispro, Alteplase) are already described.




Type # 3. Vaccines:

Vaccines are another important group of pharmaceutical products of recombinant DNA technology.